#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
 
// ฟังก์ชันแปลงเลขฐานสองเป็น Gray Code
unsigned int binaryToGray(unsigned int num) {
    return num ^ (num >> 1); // ใช้การ XOR กับการเลื่อนบิต 1 ตำแหน่ง
}
 
// ฟังก์ชันแปลงเลขฐานสองเป็น Signed Decimal (2's complement)
int binaryToSigned(int num, int bits) {
    if (num & (1 << (bits - 1))) { // ตรวจสอบ MSB
        num -= (1 << bits);        // ถ้า MSB=1 ให้ลบออกจากจำนวนเต็ม
    }
    return num;
}
 
// ฟังก์ชันแปลงเลขฐานสองเป็น Fixed Point [4.4]
double binaryToFixedPoint(int num) {
    return num / 16.0; // แบ่งด้วย 2^4 (16) เนื่องจาก [4.4] หมายถึงทศนิยม 4 หลัก
}
 
int main() {
    char binary[9];           // รับเลข 8 บิต (พร้อม '\0')
    unsigned int decimal = 0; // เก็บค่าเป็น unsigned decimal
    int bits = 8;             // จำนวนบิต 8 บิต
 
    // รับค่าจากผู้ใช้
    printf("Enter a binary code [8-bit]: ");
    scanf("%8s", binary);
 
    // แปลงจาก String Binary เป็น Unsigned Decimal
    for (int i = 0; i < bits; i++) {
        if (binary[i] == '1') {
            decimal += (1 << (bits - 1 - i));
        }
    }
 
    // แปลงเป็น Signed Decimal (2's complement)
    int signedDecimal = binaryToSigned(decimal, bits);
 
    // คำนวณ Gray Code
    unsigned int grayCode = binaryToGray(decimal);
 
    // คำนวณ Fixed Point [4.4]
    double fixedPoint = binaryToFixedPoint(decimal);
 
    // แสดงผลลัพธ์
    printf("unsigned decimal : %u\n", decimal);
    printf("octal: %o\n", decimal);
    printf("hexadecimal: %X\n", decimal);
    printf("signed decimal (2's complement): %d\n", signedDecimal);
    printf("gray code: %u [%08d]\n", grayCode, grayCode);
    printf("fixed point [4.4]: %.5lf\n", fixedPoint);
 
    return 0;
}

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